International Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Global Management - Essay Example With exceptionally refined foundations, Bahrain is a quickly creating market in the Middle East. The nation has a solid government with modern viewpoints which has added to the molding of the country as a profoundly developed economy (Dew 2002). There are huge quantities of advancement adventures in progress everywhere throughout the nation which renders the chance to extend to Bahrain very satisfying. The nation gives different supportive gestures to the chance of growing to Bahrain (Dew 2002). As a result of its vital position, a few worldwide organizations have extended to Bahrain like Nomura Investment Banking, American Express, Citicorp, and so forth (Sohail 2005). The goal of this exposition is to investigate the (1) physical and cultural elements, (2) serious elements, (3) targets, and (4) techniques and means as they identify with the development of money related foundations to Bahrain, which in this paper will be The Hong kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation (HSBC). HSBC ha s its principle office in London, and it is one of the major money related establishments on the planet. HSBC, much the same as other worldwide organizations, are picking up from prospering business in the Middle East ( However, development for HSBC has been assailed with troubles. The organization needs to manage outside variables, for example, those referenced above, in their interest for effective development. Physical and Societal Factors The coarse outskirts of Bahrain is described by a unique social area and complex framework. Since 1971, the period it picked up its freedom from the UK, Bahrain has developed into a well off, dynamic country that embraces the association of its way of life with its mission for thriving (Gillespie and Gritzner 2002). These days, the nation attempts to fabricate a further developed state which esteems and unions now is the right time respected social practices (Dew 2002). Picking up information and comprehending this remarkable culture and its re lated business customs is basic to the achievement of extension plan of HSBC to Bahrain. A portion of the elements that the administration of HSBC should consider are the business-related social acts of Bahrainis. For example, the general public of Bahrain is profoundly rule-slanted with laws, approaches, and other control frameworks set up to reduce the frailty and put in power the authority of pioneers (Dew 2002). This very unbending various leveled structure is encapsulated in the recommended specialized technique for everyone of Bahrain. The utilization of recommended welcome and qualifications or titles is significant (Dew 2002). For example, when an individual enters an office just because, s/he should warmly greet the most noteworthy positioning official first utilizing their specific qualifications. This data is crucial to the HR the board of HSBC. Serious Factors The financial segment in Bahrain is considered as one of the most serious in the Middle East. The administration enthusiastically and expressly looks for outside speculations and perspectives them as urgent to the country’s financial achievement (Laulajainen 2003). Banking and money related associations in Bahrain are engaged with a conventional business condition and exchange arranged culture that flourishes from the outside speculations (Chiline 2002). The corporate financial culture in Bahrain invites outside organizations excitedly and pulls in remote

Pompeii - Archaeology of the Famous Roman Tragedy

Pompeii - Archeology of the Famous Roman Tragedy Pompeii is ostensibly the most well known archeological site on the planet. There has never been a site also saved, as reminiscent, or as important as that of Pompeii, the rich hotel for the Roman Empire, which was covered alongside its sister urban communities of Stabiae and Herculaneum under the debris and magma ejected from Mount Vesuvius throughout the fall of 79 AD. Pompeii is situated in the territory of Italy referred to, at that point as now, as Campania. The region of Pompeii was first involved during the Middle Neolithic, and by the sixth century BC, it went under the standard of the Etruscans. The citys sources and the first name are obscure, nor are we clear on the succession of pilgrims there, yet it appears to be evident that Etruscans, Greeks, Oscans, and Samnites contended to involve the land preceding the Roman victory. The Roman occupation started in the fourth century BC, and the town arrived at its prime when the Romans transformed it into an ocean side hotel, starting 81 BC. Pompeii as a Thriving Community At the hour of its devastation, Pompeii was a flourishing business port at the mouth of the Sarno River in southwestern Italy, on the southern flank of Mount Vesuvius. Pompeiis known buildingsand there are numerous that were saved under the mud and ashfallinclude a Roman basilica, constructed ca 130-120 BC, and an amphitheater fabricated around 80 BC. The gathering contained a few sanctuaries; the roads included lodgings, food merchants and other eating places, a reason assembled lupanar, and different massage parlors, and gardens inside the city dividers. Be that as it may, presumably of most fascinationâ to us today are the investigate private homes, and the spooky negative pictures of human bodies trapped in the ejection: the express humanness of the catastrophe seen at Pompeii. Dating the Eruption and an Eyewitness Romans viewed the awesome ejection of Mt. Vesuvius, numerous from a protected separation, yet one early naturalist named Pliny (the Elder) viewed while he cleared evacuees on the Roman warships under his charge. Pliny was executed during the ejection, however his nephew (called Pliny the Younger), viewing the emission from Misenum around 30 kilometers (18 miles) away, endure and expounded on the occasions in letters that structure the premise of our observer information about it. The conventional date of the ejection is August 24th, expected to have been the date revealed in Pliny the Youngers letters, however as ahead of schedule as 1797, the classicist Carlo Maria Rosini scrutinized the date based on the remaining parts of fall organic products he discovered protected at the site, for example, chestnuts, pomegranates, figs, raisins, and pine cones. An ongoing investigation of the circulation of the breeze blown debris at Pompeii (Rolandi and associates) likewise underpins a fall date: the examples shows that common breezes blew from a course generally predominant in the fall. Further, a silver coin found with a casualty in Pompeii was struck after September eighth, AD 79. On the off chance that just Plinys original copy had endure! Tragically, we just have duplicates. Its conceivable that a scribal mistake sneaked in with respect to the date: arranging all the information together, Rolandi and partners (2008) propose a date of October 24th for the emission of the spring of gushing lava. Antiquarianism The unearthings at Pompeii are a significant watershed throughout the entire existence of antiquarianism, as it was among the most punctual of archeological unearthings, burrowed into by the Bourbon leaders of Naples and Palermo starting in the fall of 1738. The Bourbons attempted full-scale unearthings in 1748much to the late trouble of current archeologists who might have favored they hold up until better strategies were accessible. Of the numerous archeologists related with Pompeii and Herculaneum are pioneers of the field Karl Weber, Johann-Joachim Winckelmann, and Guiseppe Fiorelli; a group was sent to Pompeii by Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte, who had aâ fascination with archaic exploration and was liable for the Rosetta stoneâ ending up in the British Museum.â Present day look into at the site and others influenced by the 79 Vesuvian emission was led by the Anglo-American Project in Pompeii, drove by Rick Jones at the University of Bradford, with associates at Stanford and the University of Oxford. A few field schools were led at Pompeii somewhere in the range of 1995 and 2006, for the most part focusing on the segment known as Regio VI. A lot more segments of the city remain unexcavated, left for future researchers with improved procedures. Earthenware at Pompeii Earthenware was consistently a significant component of Roman culture and it has figured in a considerable lot of the cutting edge investigations of Pompeii. As per ongoing exploration (Peã ±a and McCallum 2009), slender walled ceramics flatware and lights were made somewhere else and brought into the city to sell. Amphorae were utilized to pack products, for example, garum and wine and they also were acquired to Pompeii. That makes Pompeii to some degree odd among Roman urban areas, in that the biggest part of their ceramics was delivered outside its city dividers. A pottery works called the Via Lepanto was found simply outside the dividers on the Nuceria-Pompeii street. Grifa and partners (2013) report that the workshop was remade after the AD 79 ejection, and kept on delivering red-painted and shined flatwares up until the Vesuvius emission of 472. The red-slipped silverware called land sigillata was found in various areas in and around Pompeii and utilizing petrographic and natural follow examination of 1,089 sherds, McKenzie-Clark (2011) inferred that everything except 23 were produced in Italy, representing 97% of the all out explored. Scarpelli et al. (2014) found that dark slips on Vesuvian ceramics were made of ferrous materials, comprising of at least one of magnetite, hercynite as well as hematite. Since the conclusion of the unearthings at Pompeii in 2006, analysts have been caught up with distributing their outcomes. Here are a couple of the latest ones, yet there are numerous others: In Benefiels (2010) investigation of spray painting on the dividers of the House of Maius Castricius is reported a few bits of chiseled sentimental spray painting in various zones of the house. A discussion of 11 spray painting engraved in a flight of stairs gives off an impression of being an abstract and sentimental discussion between two people. The vast majority of the lines are unique sentimental verse or plays on known writings, masterminded vertically in two sections. Benefiel says the Latin lines indicate a sort of one-up-man-transport between at least two people.Piovesan and associates considered paints and shades at Pompeiis Temple of Venus, recognizing a scope of wall painting hues produced using the regular earth, minerals, and a couple of uncommon fake pigmentsblack, yellow, red and earthy colored ochre, cinnabar, Egyptian blue, green earth (for the most part celadonite or glauconite) and white calcite.Cova (2015) provides details regarding the alaearchitectural wingsin numerous houses in the segment of Pompeii known as Regio VI, and how the size and state of the alae may reflect financial changes in the Late Republic/Early Empire period. Miiello et al (2010) researched development stages in Regio VI by the varieties of mortar. Astrid Lundgren at the University of Oslo distributed her exposition on Pompeii in 2014, concentrating on male sexuality and prostitution; Severy-Hoven is another researcher exploring the mind boggling abundance of erotica found at Pompeii.Murphy et al. (2013) took a gander at middens (trash dumps) and had the option to recognize proof that the waste is fundamentally kitchen food readiness of olives, grapes, figs, grains, and heartbeats. Be that as it may, they discovered little proof for crop-preparing, proposing that the food was handled outside of the city before being brought to advertise. Sources This article is a piece of the About.com Dictionary of Archeology: Ball LF, and Dobbins JJ. 2013. Pompeii Forum Project: Current Thinking on the Pompeii Forum. American Journal of Archeology 117(3):461-492.Benefiel RR. 2010. Exchanges of Ancient Graffiti in the House of Maius Castricius in Pompeii. American Journal of Archeology 114(1):59-101.Cova E. 2015. Balance and Change in Roman Domestic Space: The Alae of Pompeiis Regio VI. American Journal of Archeology 119(1):69-102.Grifa C, De Bonis A, Langella A, Mercurio M, Soricelli G, and Morra V. 2013. A Late Roman artistic creation from Pompeii. Diary of Archeological Science 40(2):810-826.Lundgren AK. 2014. The Pastime of Venus: An archeological examination of male sexuality and protitution in Pompeii. Oslo, Norway: University of Oslo.McKenzie-Clark J. 2012. The gracefully of Campanian-made sigillata to the city of Pompeii. Archaeometry 54(5):796-820.Miriello D, Barca D, Bloise A, Ciarallo A, Crisci GM, De Rose T, Gattuso C, Gazineo F, and La Russa MF. 2010. Characterisation of archeological mortars from Pompeii (Campania, Italy) and ID of development stages by compositional information examination. Diary of Archeological Science 37(9):2207-2223. Murphy C, Thompson G, and Fuller D. 2013. Roman food decline: urban archaeobotany in Pompeii, Regio VI, Insula 1. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 22(5):409-419.Peà ±a JT, and McCallum M. 2009. The Production and Distribution of Pottery at Pompeii: A Review of the Evidence; Part 2, The Material Basis for Production and Distribution. American Journal of Archeology 113(2):165-201.Piovesan R, Siddall R, Mazzoli C, and Nodari L. 2011. The Temple of Venus (Pompeii): an investigation of the colors and painting procedures. Diary of Archeological Science 38(10):2633-2643.Rolandi G, Paone A, Di Lascio M, and Stefani G. 2008. The 79 AD emission of Somma: The connection between the date of the ejection and the southeast tephra scattering. Diary of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 169(1â€2):87-98.Scarpelli R, Clark RJH, and De Francesco AM. 2014. Archaeometric investigation of dark covered ceramics from Pompeii by various explanatory strategies. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecul

Deferred Early Decision with No Backup Plan TKG

Deferred Early Decision with No Backup Plan Before we get into the specifics of the next steps, let’s discuss what being deferred actually means. A lot of students think that colleges defer them “to be nice” or “to not hurt your feelings.” This is not something that colleges do. When you are deferred, you are put into the regular decision pool of applicants. It means that the school wants to see how your application will hold up once everyone else applies.  But let’s face it, being deferred is tough. It puts students in an uncomfortable holding pattern during which they’re forced to half-heartedly consider new options while still holding out hope for their #1 school.  So, what’s the best thing to do once you’ve gotten deferred? Tell yourself that you aren’t getting in. Pretend that your dream school does not exist, or else you will be comparing all of the new additions to your list to a school that might ultimately reject you. It’s the only way that you’ll be able to truly focus on what needs to be do ne â€" and a lot needs to be done. Friendly reminder: it’s going to be okay. A deferral is not the end of the world. It might, however, be the end of your winter break social life if you don’t take the necessary steps to get on track with the rest of your regular decision applications right away. Here’s what you should do: 1.       Figure out where else you want to apply:  Get back to basics. Look at your test scores, grades, and extracurricular activities. You’re going to want to create a balanced list, which means that you need target, reach, and safety schools. Focus on the aspects of your dream school that you liked best, and see where else you can find those things. Look into specific programs, locations, and research opportunities that are similar to those at the school you were deferred from. And most importantly, be open during this process. A negative headspace will not help you here. Take the time to explore new opportunities, and you never know what you might find .  2.       Revisit your common app essay:Again, rough, but it might be a necessary evil. Every part of your college application should introduce a new aspect of yourself and your personality. We are not suggesting that you do a complete rewrite, rather evaluate what you have and make sure that you’re honing in on what’s most important. We’ve worked with TKG clients and have done massive rewrites, and we’ve also slightly tweaked certain essays. If you wrote your common app essay about an extracurricular activity (or anything else that appears elsewhere on your application,) then you are in the rewrite boat. We only have so many chances to tell colleges who we really are, so don’t double down on anything. 3.       Make your way through the supplements:The first thing you should do is write down all of the deadlines and then create a plan of attack. And stick to it. Next, figure out how you can streamline the process by looking for overlap in the supplements. Write out your origin story, which is a short story about the impetus of your academic interests. A lot of schools ask about activities or work experiences, so pick one and use that answer where you can. Under no circumstance should you skimp on the research process of the “Why X School” supplement, and you should never simply copy and paste. But work smarter, not harder. 4.       Send a deferral package to your ED school in January or February.  Remember we told you to forget that your ED school exists? For this step, they are coming back into play. But here’s something important: this is a step that you should take ONLY IF you are still interested in the school (meaning that it’s still #1 on your list) and if you have taken actionable steps that would make you a stronger candidate. If both aren’t true for you, you’re wasting your time and the time of the admissions team. Students that are ultimately accepted after being deferred have continued doing all of their extracurricular acti vities and more. They have taken them to the next level and improved (or at least maintained) their grades. Perhaps they have taken on something of more magnitude that builds onto their existing application. If this applies to you, you should send them a deferral package. It’s a letter, and in that letter, you should reintroduce yourself to the admissions committee and remind them that X school is still your top choice. Tell them (again) why you want to go there, and it should be extremely specific. Do not include basic things such as weather and culture of the school, your list should include classes, professors, and research opportunities. You should also include your updated transcript and write about what you’ve accomplished since being deferred. Lastly, you might also include an additional letter of recommendation. But again, this is a step that you should only take after carefully considering whether or not X school (deferral school) is still your top choice. We realize th is is a lot to accomplish in a short amount of time, but it has to be done. Think of it as a very necessary (yet stressful and time-consuming) step that will hugely impact your future. Before you start, take a day off and come back regrouped and recharged.  We work with students who need help creating backup plans that they’re excited about. Contact us here if you’d like to work with someone one on one.

General Pricing Approach - 1085 Words

4. General Pricing approach. Value based pricing, everyday low pricing (EDLP) and high-low pricing. Value based pricing Source:http://www.smallbusinessnotes.com/operating/marketing/pricing/valuebased.htmlHow high can a price be before the product or service is priced out of the market?To understand the customer s perception of the value of your product or service, look at more subjective criteria such as customer preferences, product benefits, convenience, product quality, company image and alternative products offered by the competition. * How do your customers describe what they get for their money? * Do they save a great deal of money or time by purchasing your product or service? * Do they gain a competitive advantage from†¦show more content†¦1. What type of market are you in? Only retailers that offer similar products and are in competitive markets are forced to make this discounting strategy choice. For example, pricing is a key differentiator of retailers selling homogenous products – price is important in a market where two similar grocery stores, located a mile or two a part, sell the same products. Retailers in this market environment have to adopt an EDLP or Hi-Lo pricing strategy. In contrast, Whole Foods (or as my sister prefers to call it, â€Å"Whole Paycheck†) offers a differentiated product (natural and organic foods). And while Whole Foods runs occasional specials, discounting is not a primary component of its retail strategy. 2. Are your customers price sensitive? Convenience stores like 7-Eleven, even those located close to discount grocery stores (selling the same products at a significant discount), often cater to less price sensitive customers. If your customers are not price sensitive, there’s less of a need to adopt an EDLP or Hi-Lo pricing strategy. 3. Do you have a cost advantage? If you are going with an EDLP strategy, it’d be helpful to posses a cost advantage. There should be a measurable difference between your EDLP price and a Hi-Lo retailer’s â€Å"Hi† price. Wal-Mart is a classic exam ple of a retailer with lower costs relative to its competitors. 4. Who are your customers? Are yourShow MoreRelatedSwot Analysis : Pricing Decisions1088 Words   |  5 PagesPricing †¢ Reports used for pricing decisions were, market update, industry outlook, pricing report, conjoint analysis, test market, decision criteria, tradeoff report and mfr. sales report †¢ Customer willingness to pay was crucial in the decision making †¢ For Allround, after period 1, it was decided to keep the price constant at $5.49 based on customer perception and the conjoint analysis. Also, during initial replays, effort to increase the price resulted in significant dip in net income and stockRead MoreEvaluation of Various Numerical Methods for Option Pricing Model638 Words   |  3 Pagesadvantage of the other. Hence, numerical methods are needed for pricing options in cases where analytic solutions are either unavailable or not easily computable. The subject of numerical methods in option pricing is very broad. A wide range of contracts exist and in many cases several models can be applied in the valuation. Although the option valuation has been studied at least since nineteenth century, the contemporary approach is based on the Black-Scholes model which was first published inRead MorePricing Strategies of Itc1297 Words   |  6 PagesPricing Strategy ITC Foods Business Division (Staples) The FMCG RETAIL Pricing Strategy UNDERSTANDING THE PROCESS FMCG Pricing Strategy is now a critical element of the management mix. Old school management responsibilities of Sales owning the trade spend budget and customer negotiations with marketing owning the Recommend Retail Price do not work in today s information driven age. Retail sales volume is now 80% controlled by 2-3 chains with a scatteringRead MoreChoosing the Wrong Pricing Strategy1677 Words   |  7 PagesChoosing the Wrong Pricing Strategy Can Be a Costly Mistake: Knowledge@Wharton (http://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article.cfm?articleid=792) Choosing the Wrong Pricing Strategy Can Be a Costly Mistake Published : June 04, 2003 in Knowledge@Wharton Prices have been at the center of human interaction ever since traders in ancient Mesopotamia -- our modern-day Iraq -- began keeping records. Who doesn’t love to guess what something costs – or argue about what something ought to cost? So itRead MoreManagement Accounting - Setting Prices1709 Words   |  7 Pagesmajor influences on pricing decisions Customer Demand: the demands of customers are of paramount importance in all phases of business operations, from the design of a product to the setting of its price. Product-design issues and pricing considerations are interrelated, so they must be examined simultaneously. For example, for a higher quality product; you need higher quality materials which will affect a higher cost and needs more time and this will lead to a higher pricing on a product. AlsoRead MoreCase Study : Hospitality And Tourism Management1255 Words   |  6 Pages Zhen, Emily Hospitality Tourism Management Sales Marketing Pricing Utilizing Distribution Channels The key external areas crucial in pricing decisions not only include different types of markets, consumer price sensitivity, and pricing strategies driven by consumers and competitors, but other important economic variables as well. A market characterized by monopolistic competition leaves companies more or less a monopolistic power advantage for every company has the freedomRead MoreCase Study Silvio Napoli at Schindler India (a) Essay918 Words   |  4 Pagesin assigning Silvio as general manager of India? I do not believe Schindler made the right choice in assigning Silvio as the general manager of India. Silvio had little to no real world international experience. Silvio had much success in Sweden but there are several factors that limited his success in India. Silvio had high warrior and low monk attributes. Silvio was a task oriented individual. This management style is not well received in India. The General Manager needed to be a personRead MoreTechnical Evaluations and Competitive Pricing1467 Words   |  6 Pagesevaluations help to ensure the integrity of the contract bid process as well as the achievement of optimal efficiency, thereby resulting in fair and equitable outcomes (Levin-Waldman, 2000). b. The factors used to determine the competitive range. Some general factors that can be used to determine the competitive range of bids for this project include the following: Evidence of direct head-to-head competition between the seller and competing unaffiliated suppliers in either a formal solicitation or inRead MoreGibson Insurance Company1342 Words   |  6 Pagesreal cost by support activities. Moreover, when the sales volume had increased, the profitability declined. The managers are considered the prices are set improper or costs are out of control. Management is looking for a better solution for solving pricing and support costs allocation. Therefore, the controller of Gibson, Rebecca Hampton, is asked to investigate these issues and has to figure out a better strategy for improving cost allocations. However, Hampton is an experienced controller and contributesRead MoreDynamic Pricing Strategies1127 Words   |  5 Pages Pricing is an important factor that determines retailers profitability. Among many success stories, the airline industry is regarded as one prominent example in which pricing optimization techniques have successfully resulted in increased revenues \citep{Phillips:05}. Other examples include electricity pricing, hotels and rental cars, etc. According to \cite{Sullivan:05}, companies that employ price optimization technique were able to raise their gross margin ranging from one percent to three percent

Mothers Who Kill Their Children

The nation is always shocked by criminal cases such as that of Andrea Yates, a Texas mother of five who in June 2001 methodically drowned her children in a bathtub and then calmly called the police to report it, but mothers killing their children is a more common crime than you might think. According to the American Anthropological Association, more than 200 women kill their children in the United States each year. Three to five children a day are killed by their parents. Homicide is one of the leading causes of death of children under age 4, yet we continue to persist with the unrealistic view that this is rare behavior, said Jill Korbin, an expert on child abuse who has studied at length the stories of mothers who killed their children. Nancy Scheper-Hughes, a medical anthropologist, said society should understand that all women arent natural mothers: We should detach from the idea of universal motherhood as natural and see it as a social response. Theres a collective denial even when mothers come right out and say, I really shouldnt be trusted with my kids. Three major factors often play a role when mothers kill their children: postpartum psychosis, psychotic breakdowns brought on by factors such as jealousy and abandonment, and domestic violence. Postpartum Depression and Psychosis Postpartum depression is a common problem that can occur within four weeks of the birth of a baby. It can affect both mothers and fathers, although only a small percentage of fathers experience it. Common symptoms include depression, feelings of hopelessness, anxiety, fear, guilt, the inability to bond with the new baby, and a feeling of worthlessness. If left untreated, it can lead to postpartum psychosis, which is much more severe and dangerous. Symptoms include extreme insomnia, obsessive behavior, and auditory hallucinations where voices instruct the mother to commit suicide or to mutilate and/or murder her child or children. Often the mother believes such acts will save the child from a life of misery. Yates was suffering from extreme postpartum depression and was found not guilty of murder by reason of  insanity. She was sent to Kerrville State Hospital in Kerrville, Texas, for an indefinite stay. Psychotic Breakdowns In some cases, children are murdered as a result of the mother experiencing a psychotic breakdown brought on by intense feelings of abandonment and jealousy in cases where the father of the children has left the home. In some cases, the need to seek revenge overtakes reason. Diane Downs, convicted of murder after shooting her three children, one of whom died, in May 1983, was diagnosed as psychotic but was sentenced to life in prison. Other Women Who Killed Their Children A look at 11 other women convicted of murdering their children shows that such acts are not as rare as we would like to believe. Here are their names, crimes, and locations where they are serving as of October 2019 unless otherwise noted: Kenisha Berry at age 20 covered her 4-day-old son with duct tape, resulting in his death in Jefferson County, Texas, in November 1998. She is serving in Murray state prison in Gatesville, Texas.Patricia Blackmon was 29 when she killed her 2-year-old adopted daughter in Dothan, Alabama, in May 1999. The cause of death was determined to be multiple blunt-force injuries. She is on death row in Tutwiler Prison for Women in Wetumpka, Alabama.Dora Luz Buenrostro stabbed to death her two daughters, ages 4 and 9, and her son, age 8, when she was 34 years old in San Jacinto, California, in October 1994. She is being held in the Central California Womens Facility in Chowchilla.Socorro Caro was 42 when she fatally shot her three sons, ages 5, 8, and 11, in Santa Rosa Valley, California, in November 1999. She is on death row in the Central California Women’s Facility.Susan Eubanks fatally shot her four sons, ages 4, 6, 7, and 14, in San Marcos, California, in October 1997, when she was 33 . She is on death row in the Central California Women’s Facility.Teresa Michelle Lewis killed her 51-year-old husband and 26-year-old stepson in Keeling, Virginia, in a murder-for-hire plot in October 2002, when she was 33. She was executed in September 2010 at Greensville Correctional Center in Jarratt, Virginia.Frances Elaine Newton was 21 when she fatally shot her husband, 7-year-old son, and 2-year-old daughter in Houston, Texas, in April 1987. She was executed in September 2005.Darlie Lynn Routier was 26 when she was convicted of fatally stabbing her 5-year-old son in June 1996 in Rowlett, Texas. She is on death row in Mountain View state prison in Gatesville, Texas.Robin Lee Row was 35 when she asphyxiated her husband, 10-year-old son, and 8-year-old daughter in Boise, Idaho, in February 1992. She is on death row in the Pocatello Womans Correctional Center in Pocatello, Idaho.Michelle Sue Tharp was 29 and lived in Burgettstown, Pennsylvania, when she starved her 7-year- old daughter to death in April 1998. She is in the Muncy state prison in Muncy, Pennsylvania.Caroline Young was 49 when she killed her 4-year-old granddaughter and 6-year-old grandson, for whom she had been granted custody, in Haywood, California, in June 1993. She died of kidney failure at the Central California Womens Facility in September 2005. Korbin said that people who know parents who end up killing their children usually see clues that something is wrong with the parents but dont know how to deal with the information: Prior to a homicide, lots of laypeople know these men and women are having difficulty parenting. The public has to be better educated in recognizing how to intervene and how to support child abuse prevention.

Examine the Factors That Determine the Price of Oil in the...

An Economic Analysis of the Current Oil Market amp; Prices PREPARED BY: Teoh Chern Shi ID NO: B0075JMJM1112 ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- SEMESTER: Semester one LECTURER: Ellie Semsar DATE: 20th February 2012 ------------------------------------------------- * * Table of Contents Table of Contents 2 1 Objective 3 2 Introduction 4 3 Analyze Current prices of oil 5 4 Factors determine the price of oil 7 4.1 Demand and Supply 7 4.2 Exchange Rate 9 4.3 Location 9 4.4 Government policies affect oil prices 9 5 Factors that Determine Market Oil Demand 10 5.1 The price of the main product 10 5.2 The price of†¦show more content†¦(Worldoils, 2012) Figure 3 Historical Oil Prices Chart for 10 Years From the chart above, we can see that the price of oil increasing from 2002 to 2008, and face a dramatically drop in 2008, and face an increasing trend onwards. The drop in 2008 due to the slow economic growth and reduce the consumption of oil around the world. Factors determine the price of oil There are variety factors determine the price of oil, it’s including quantity of demand, stability of supply, currency exchange rate, location and government policies. Demand and Supply P Price of oil (USD) Q Quantity (Gallon) Oil Market Supply Curve Demand Curve Q1 P1 Figure 4: Demand and Supply curve The main factor that affects the price of oil in the market is supplies and demands. â€Å"An Oil market is like a global auction, the highest bidder will win the supply. When the demand is high and the supply is low, the bidder needs to pay higher price to buy the oil; when the supply is abundant over the current demand level, the bidder will wait and purchase at the lowest price as possible.† (Khodorkovsky) Besides, due to the rapid economic expansion in some country like China, Brazil, Russia and India, the demand for oil product is increased dramatically. â€Å"Global oil consumption grew by a below-average 0.7% per day.† (BP, 2012) This lead the price of oil grows up every year. The chart below shows the top tenShow MoreRelatedTrade Reforms Policy Impacts on Non-Oil Exports in Nigeria11960 Words   |  48 PagesCHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to the Study Trade policy is defined as, a governments policy controlling foreign trade and the central objective of trade policy is to provide protection for domestic industries and reduce the perceived dependence on imports; a corollary to that objective was a desire to reduce the level of unemployment and generate more revenues from the non-oil sector. Non-oil export sector in Nigeria constitutes products of agriculture, industry and services thatRead MoreEffects of Finanacial Crises on Nigerian Capital Market5207 Words   |  21 Pagesthe stock market SERE-EJEMBI, (2008). Around the world stock market indicators started falling. The capital market, vis-à  -vis the stock market, is a channel through which national economies receive foreign capital flows that make their tendency towards the global economy easy visible. Developments in the market thus become a reflect ion of global financial development. The level of responsiveness, however, depends on the level of development, exposure and insulation of the domestic market from theRead MoreStrategic Management of Uk Oil and Gas Industry3911 Words   |  16 PagesOF ANALYSIS OF UK OIL AND GAS SECTOR 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 UK OIL SECTOR OVERVIEW The oil and gas industry is a large Industry and contributes a critical role in driving the global economy (Sam’s et. al., 2006).The upstream section of the Industry is involved with the first stage of exploration and production, the midstream section involves the transportation of crude through pipelines, ships e.t.c to the refineries. The downstream is involved with refining and process of the oil and gas productsRead MoreThe Impact of Exchange Rate Fluctuation on Macroeconomic Performance in Nigeria22514 Words   |  91 Pages1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY This study is designed to examine the causes of exchange rate fluctuations and their impact on the Nigerian economy since there is scarcely any country that lives in absolute autarky in this globalised world. The economies of all the countries of the world are linked directly or indirectly through asset or/and goods markets. This linkage is made possible through trade and facilitated by foreign exchange. The price of foreign currencies in terms of a local currency (i.eRead MoreThe Nigerian Foreign Exchange Market; Rate Determination; Control and Prospects for Naira Convertibility1927 Words   |  8 PagesThe Nigerian foreign exchange market; rate determination; control and prospects for Naira convertibility Good morning members of the high table, my colleagues in the industry and all other distinguished guests. It is my greatest pleasure to present this paper at the Foreign Exchange seminar organized by the Chartered Institute of Bankers of Nigeria. I hope I am able to shed light on this extremely challenging topic. Definition: The foreign exchange market can be defined as the collectiveRead MoreThe Effect of Macro Economic Policy on Nigerian Economics Growth and Development6051 Words   |  25 PagesTHE EFFECT OF MACRO ECONOMIC POLICY ON NIGERIAN ECONOMICS GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT ABSTRACT This research work focus on the appraisal of Macroeconomic Policy on Inflation in Nigerian Economy, also to determine how it enhances the growth of Nigerian Economy. The aim of this research work is to look into challenges and numbers of hypothesis were drawn. Information necessary to address the test of hypothesis was gathered through secondary data, source from Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN). Economic analysisRead MoreChevron Analysis4464 Words   |  18 Pagesthe development of energy resources that help drive human progression. The ability to meet the needs of ever-expanding energy consumption is what makes Chevron an innovative and market leading company. When people think of Chevron many think of â€Å"Big Oil†, when in fact, its business strategy is very complex and entails: * Exploration and Production (oil and natural gas) * Manufacturing, Products (lubricants, etc.) * Transportation (global trading, pipelines, shipping, etc.) * OtherRead MoreMarket Structure Analysis in Tanzania5537 Words   |  23 PagesMarket structures Analysis- Term Paper INTRODUCTION Generally the concept of market structures can be essential to marketing and economics. Both emphasize the environment in which these companies operate and its importance it has on strategic decision making. Economics is more concerned about the degree of market competition and the pricing strategies of these firms. Marketing, on the other hand, concentrates its focus on consumer behaviour. Basically there are four major market structuresRead MoreProblems and Prospect of Marketing Petroleum in Nigeria15386 Words   |  62 Pageseconomy, i.e. to examine the problem and prospect of marketing petroleum product in Nigeria using NNPC as a case study. Another objective may include examining the level and performance of NNPC in the marketing and distribution of petroleum products, to critically review refinery installed capacity supply and demand of petroleum products. The objective of this study is to find the way of reducing or solve the problem of fuel scarcity Nigerian at a convenient and affordable price. This study is alsoRead MoreReport on Oil and Gas Industry in Pakistan81517 Words   |  327 PagesReport No. 26072-PK Pakistan: Oil and Gas Sector Review July 10, 2003 Oil and Gas Policy Division Oil, Gas, Mining and Chemicals Department Private Sector Development and Infrastructure Document of the World Bank Currency Equivalents Currency Unit = Rupees (Rs) Rs. 1.00 = Paisa 100 US$1.00 = Rs. 58.35 * Rs. 1.0 = US$0.017138 Rs. 1,000,000 = US$17,138 *As of December 31, 2002 Measures And Equivalents 1 Kilometer (km) 1 Cubic Meter (m3) 1 Cubic Meter (m3) 1 Thousand Cubic Feet

Clinical Chemistry In Medicine Essay Example For Students

Clinical Chemistry In Medicine Essay Of the diagnostic methods available to veterinarians, the clinicalchemistry test has developed into a valuable aid for localizing pathologicconditions. This test is actually a collection of specially selected individualtests. With just a small amount of whole blood or serum, many bodysystems can be analyzed. Some of the more common screenings giveinformation about the function of the kidneys, liver, and pancreas andabout muscle and bone disease. There are many blood chemistry testsavailable to doctors. This paper covers the some of the more commontests. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is an end-product of protein metabolism. Likemost of the other molecules in the body, amino acids are constantlyrenewed. In the course of this turnover, they may undergo deamination,the removal of the amino group. Deamination, which takes placeprincipally in the liver, results in the formation of ammonia. In the liver,the ammonia is quickly converted to urea, which is relatively nontoxic,and is then released into the bloodstream. In the blood, it is readilyremoved through the kidneys and excreted in the urine. Any disease orcondition that reduces glomerular filtration or increases proteincatabolism results in elevated BUN levels. Creatinine is another indicator of kidney function. Creatinine is a wasteproduct derived from creatine. It is freely filtered by the glomerulus andblood levels are useful for estimating glomerular filtration rate. Muscletissue contains phosphocreatinine which is converted to creatinine by anonenzymatic process. This spontaneous degradation occurs at a ratherconsistent rate (Merck, 1991). Causes of increases of both BUN and creatinine can be divided into threemajor categories: prerenal, renal, and postrenal. Prerenal causes includeheart disease, hypoadrenocorticism and shock. Postrenal causes includeurethral obstruction or lacerations of the ureter, bladder, or urethra. Truerenal disease from glomerular, tubular, or interstitial dysfunction raisesBUN and creatin ine levels when over 70% of the nephrons becomenonfunctional (Sodikoff, 1995). Glucose is a primary energy source for living organisms. The glucoselevel in blood is normally controlled to within narrow limits. Inadequateor excessive amounts of glucose or the inability to metabolize glucosecan affect nearly every system in the body. Low blood glucose levels(hypoglycemia) may be caused by pancreatic tumors (over-production ofinsulin), starvation, hypoadrenocorticism, hypopituitarism, and severeexertion. Elevated blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia) can occur indiabetes mellitus, hyperthyroidism, hyperadrenocorticism,hyperpituitarism, anoxia (because of the instability of liver glycogen inoxygen deficiency), certain physiologic conditions (exposure to cold,digestion) and pancreatic necrosis (because the pancreas produces insulinwhich controls blood glucose levels). Diabetes mellitus is caused by a deficiency in the secretion or action of insulin. During periods of low blood glucose, gl ucagonstimulates the breakdown of liver glycogen and inhibits glucosebreakdown by glycolysis in the liver and stimulates glucose synthesis bygluconeogenesis. This increases blood glucose. When glucose enters thebloodstream from the intestine after a carbohydrate-rich meal, theresulting increase in blood glucose causes increased insulin secretion anddecreased glucagon secretion. Insulin stimulates glucose uptake bymuscle tissue where glucose is converted to glucose-6-phosphate. Insulinalso activates glycogen synthase so that much of theglucose-6-phosphate is converted to glycogen. It also stimulates thestorage of excess fuels as fat (Lehninger, 1993). With insufficient insulin, glucose is not used by the tissues andaccumulates in the blood. The accumulated glucose then spills into theurine. Additional amounts of water are retained in urine because of theaccumulation of glucose and polyuria (excessive urination) results. Inorder to prevent dehydration, more water than normal is consum ed(polydipsia). In the absence of insulin, fatty acids released form adiposetissue are converted to ketone bodies (acetoacetic acid, B-hydroxybutyricacid, and acetone). Although ketone bodies can be used a energysources, insulin deficiency impairs the ability of tissues to use ketonebodies, which accumulate in the blood. Because they are acids, ketonesmay exhaust the ability of the body to maintain normal pH. Ketones areexcreted by the kidneys, drawing water with them into the urine. Ketonesare also negatively charged and draw positively charged ions (sodium,potassium, calcium) with them into urine. Some other results of diabetesmellitus are cataracts (because of abnormal glucose metabolism in thelens which results in the accumulation of water), abnormal neutrophilfunction (resulting in greater susceptibility to infection), and an enlargedliver (due to fat accumulation) (Fraser, 1991). Bilirubin is a bile pigment derived from the breakdown of heme by thereticuloendothelial system. T he reticuloendothelial system filters out anddestroys spent red blood cells yielding a free iron molecule andultimately, bilirubin. Bilirubin binds to serum albumin, which restricts itfrom urinary excretion, and is transported to the liver. In the liver,bilirubin is changed into bilirubin diglucuronide, which is sufficientlywater soluble to be secreted with other components of bile into the smallintestine. Impaired liver function or blocked bile secretion causesbilirubin to leak into the blood, resulting in a yellowing of the skin andeyeballs (jaundice). Determination of bilirubin concentration in the bloodis useful in diagnosing liver disease (Lehninger, 1993). Increasedbilirubin can also be caused by hemolysis, bile duct obstruction, fever,and starvation (Bistner, 1995). Two important serum lipids are cholesterol and triglycerides. Cholesterolis a precursor to bile salts and steroid hormones. The principle bile salts,taurocholic acid and glycocholic acid, are important in the dige stion offood and the solubilization of ingested fats. The desmolase reactionconverts cholesterol, in mitochondria, to pregnenolone which istransported to the endoplasmic reticulum and converted to progesterone. This is the precursor to all other steroid hormones (Garrett, 1995). Triglycerides are the main form in which lipids are stored and are thepredominant type of dietary lipid. They are stored in specialized cellscalled adipocytes (fat cells) under the skin, in the abdominal cavity, andin the mammary glands. As stored fuels, triglycerides have an advantageover polysaccharides because they are unhydrated and lack the extrawater weight of polysaccharides. Also, because the carbon atoms aremore reduced than those of sugars, oxidation of triglycerides yields morethan twice as much energy, gram for gram, as that of carbohydrates(Lehninger, 1993). Hyperlipidemia refers to an abnormally high concentration of triglycerideand/or cholesterol in the blood. Primary hyperlipidemia is an inheriteddisorder of lipid metabolism. Secondary hyperlipidemias are usuallyassociated with pancreatitis, diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, proteinlosing glomerulonephropathies, glucocorticosteroid administration, a nd avariety of liver abnormalities. Hypolipidemia is almost always a result ofmalnutrition (Barrie, 1995). Alkaline phosphatase is present in high concentration in bone and liver. Their Eyes Were Watching God Essay ThesisThe ionized forms of calcium are biologically active. If the circulatinglevel falls, the bones are used as a source of calcium. Primary control of blood calcium is dependent on parathyroid hormone,calcitonin, and the presence of vitamin D. Parathyroid hormonemaintains blood calcium level by increasing its absorption in theintestines from food and reducing its excretion by the kidneys. Parathyroid hormone also stimulates the release of calcium into theblood stream from the bones. Hyperparathyroidism, caused by tumors ofthe parathyroid, causes the bones to lose too much calcium and becomesoft and fragile. Calcitonin produces a hypocalcemic effect by inhibitingthe effect of parathyroid hormone and preventing calcium from leavingbones. Vitamin D stimulates calcium and phosphate absorption in thesmall intestine and increases calcium and phosphate utilization frombone. Hypercalcemia may be caused by abnormal calcium/phosphorusratio, hyperparathyroidism, hypervitaminosis D, and hyperproteinemia. Hypocalcemia may be caused by hypoproteinemia, renal failure, orpancreatitis (Bistner, 1995). Because approximately 98 percent of the total body potassium is found atthe intracellular level, potassium is the major intracellular cation. Thiscation is filtered by the glomeruli in the kidneys and nearly completelyreabsorbed by the proximal tubules. It is then excreted by the distaltubules. There is no renal threshold for potassium and it continues to beexcreted in the urine even in low potassium states. Therefore, the bodyhas no mechanism to prevent excessive loss of potassium(Schmidt-Nielsen, 1995). Potassium plays a critical role in maintaining the normal cellular andmuscular function. Any imbalance of the bodys potassium level,increased or decreased, may result in neuromuscular dysfunction,especially in the heart muscle. Serious, and sometimes fatal, arrythmiasmay develop. A low serum potassium level, hypokalemia, occurs withmajor fluid loss in gastrointestinal disorders (i.e., vomit ing, diarrhea),renal disease, diuretic therapy, diabetes mellitus, or mineralocorticoiddysfunction (i.e., Cushings disease). An increased serum potassiumlevel, hyperkalemia, occurs most often in urinary obstruction, anuria, oracute renal disease (Bistner, 1995). Sodium and its related anions (i.e., chloride and bicarbonate) areprimarily responsible for the osmotic attraction and retention of water inthe extracellular fluid compartments. The endothelial membrane is freelypermeable to these small electrolytes. Sodium is the most abundantextracellular cation, however, very little is present intracellularly. Themain functions of sodium in the body include maintenance of membranepotentials and initiation of action potentials in excitable membranes. Thesodium concentration also largely determines the extracellular osmolarityand volume. The differential concentration of sodium is the principalforce for the movement of water across cellular membranes. In addition,sodium is involved in the a bsorption of glucose and some amino acidsfrom the gastrointestinal tract (Lehninger, 1993). Sodium is ingestedwith food and water, and is lost from the body in urine, feces, and sweat. Most sodium secreted into the GI tract is reabsorbed. The excretion ofsodium is regulated by the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system(Schmidt-Nielsen, 1995). Decreased serum sodium levels, hyponatremia, can be seen in adrenalinsufficiency, inadequate sodium intake, renal insufficiency, vomiting ordiarrhea, and uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Hypernatremia may occur indehydration, water deficit, hyperadrenocorticism, and central nervoussystem trauma or disease (Bistner, 1995). Chloride is the major extracellular anion. Chloride and bicarbonate ionsare important in the maintenance of acid-base balance. When chloride inthe form of hydrochloric acid or ammonium chloride is lost, alkalosisfollows; when chloride is retained or ingested, acidosis follows. Elevatedserum chloride levels, hyperchloremia, can be seen in renal disease,dehydration, overtreatment with saline solution, and carbon dioxidedeficit (as occurs from hyperventilation). Decreased serum chloridelevels, hypochloremia, can be seen in diarrhea and vomiting, renaldisease, overtreatment with certain diuretics, diabetic acidosis,hypoventilation (as occurs in pneumonia or emphysema), and adrenalinsufficiency (de Morais, 1995). As seen above, one to two milliliters of blood can give a clinician a greatinsight to the way an animals systems are functioning. With many moretests available and being developed every day, diagnosis becomes lessinvasive to the patient. The more information that is made available tothe doctor allows a faster diagnosis and recovery for the patient. BibliographyBibliography Barrie, Joan and Timothy D. G. Watson. ?Hyperlipidemia.? Current Veterinary Therapy XII. Ed. John Bonagura. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders, 1995. Bistner, Stephen l. Kirk and Bistners Handbook of Veterinary Procedures and Emergency Treatment. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders, 1995. de Morais, HSA and William W. Muir. ?Strong Ions and Acid-Base Disorders.? Current Veterinary Therapy XII. Ed. John Bonagura. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders, 1995. Fraser, Clarence M., ed. The Merck Veterinary Manual, Seventh Edition. Rahway, N. J.: Merck Co., 1991. Garrett, Reginald H. and Charles Grisham. Biochemistry. Fort Worth: Saunders College Publishing, 1995. Lehninger, Albert, David Nelson and Michael Cox. Principles of Biochemistry. New York: Worth Publishers, 1993. Schmidt-Nielsen, Knut. Animal Physiology: Adaptation and environment. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1995. Sodikoff, Charles. Labratory Profiles of Small Animal Diseases. Santa Barbara: American Veterinary Publications, 1995. Science

Father of psychology

Psychology is the science of mental life, both of its phenomena and their conditions. The phenomena are such things like feelings, desires, cognitions, reasoning, decisions, and the like. When these are phenomena are superficially considered, their variety and complexity leaves a chaotic impression on the observer.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Father of psychology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Different individuals tried to organize these phenomena in order to come up with a uniformed discipline, the modern psychology. Due to the high number of contributors to this field, the actual founding ‘father of psychology’ is disputed. This essay examines a number of key figures associated with the psychology. The essay, however, singles out one figure that best fits the description of being the ‘father of psychology’. Two of the earliest founders of psychology are Plato (428-347 B.C.E) and Aristotle (384-322). These two famous Greek philosophers had far-reaching influence on Western thought. Although neither is best known for his psychological ideas, both have had an impact on Western conceptions of the mind. For instance, Plato believed that the truth lay in abstract concepts, or forms that could be grasped through reason alone. He argues that the data we get from our senses is impermanent and, thus, illusionary. The notion of an inborn mental ability to grasp concepts and categories is consistent with modern cognitive psychology and neuroscience, although the dismissal of ‘sense data’ is not. Aristotle was much enamored of the natural world and believed knowledge to come from systematic, logical reasoning about our observations of nature. He held that the capacity for logical reasoning is innate, but the content of our knowledge can only be grasped through our senses. In this way, Aristotle anticipated the foundations of modern science. Plato also had ideas about emotions and emotional control that anticipated Freud’s theories of the ego and the id. Plato’s three-part division of the soul into appetite, reason, and temper has been linked to Freud’s division of the mind into id, ego, and superego.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Plato also believed in controlling the bodily passions in order to turn one’s desire toward loftier goals. This is described in his metaphor of the soul as a charioteer with a pair of winged steeds. One steed is immortal like that of the gods and aspires toward contemplation of spiritual beauty. The other steed is mortal and plunges toward earth and toward animalistic passions and desire. The chariot must rein in the steed of animal appetites in order for the soul to gain true happiness. The earthly steed can be tied to the id and the charioteer to the ego. On more loss grounds, the immortal steed can be linked to the superego . The ideas of the Greek philosophers were disseminated through the Roman Empire and remained influential until its fall in the fourth century C.E. By then, Christianity was the official religion of the Roman Empire, and following the fall of Rome, the Christian church was essentially the only surviving institution. Although many aspects of pagan philosophical thought were integrated into church teaching, anything that did not fit with Christian theology was considered heretical. Medieval Christianity laid emphasis on the next world than on our happiness within this one. After the European Renaissance (15th -16th centuries), there was a sea change of cultural and intellectual values. Philosophers started to revisit those ideas to create a new way of seeing the mind. Although psychology as a discipline did not exist, philosophy was beginning to lay the groundwork for what could later become psychology . There are a number of philosophe rs who lived during this era, and who made various contributions to the field of psychology. These include Descartes (1596), Benedict de Spinoza (1632-1677), Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679), and John Locke (1632-1704). Basically, Descartes made the concept of the mind front and center of his philosophy. His famous phrase, ‘I think, therefore, I am’ links the mental function of thinking to the proof of his very existence.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Father of psychology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More He was a naturalist who carefully observed thyme natural world and even dissected animals to examine the relationships between the mental and bodily processes. In fact, Cartesian dualism, the notion that the mind and the body are separate entities, continues to inspire debate to this day. Another medieval philosopher was Spinoza. He was a Sephardic Jew living in the Netherlands though he was later excomm unicated from the Jewish community for what he termed as heretical writings. Spinoza believed that our main psychological drive was the promotion and protection of our well being and survival. This idea anticipated evolutionary psychology. He also believed our three primary emotions to be pleasure, pain, and desire. This signals the state of our well-being. This notion anticipated Freud’s pleasure principle. Spinoza also taught that our cognitive appraisal of a situation determines our emotional response. Simply put, how we think about any event will shape how we feel about it. As such, it is possible to change our emotions by changing our thoughts. This is the basic principle behind cognitive therapy, which was pioneered in the mid-twentieth century by Aaron Beck and Albert Ellis . Another medieval philosopher, Thomas Hobbes was most famous for his political philosophy and his view of life in the status of nature as lonely, vicious, rough, and brief†. He also harbored ideas about cognition and memory by believing that all our knowledge comes from our sense impressions. Reminiscences are the residue of the initial sense impressions, just like waves that continue even after the wind ceases.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More He noted that ideas get linked in memory when the sense impressions first occur close in time. This concept of associative memory became the basis of behaviorism, a psychological movement that arose in the twentieth century. John Locke was another political philosopher of the medieval era. He divided ideas into two classes namely sensation and reflection. By the time psychology came into its own as an independent discipline, the scientific revolution had been two centuries old. Much more was known about the nervous system, the brain and the chemical and electrical processes in the body than could have been dreamt of by the earlier philosophers. The scientific method had continued to evolve and technology allowed for sophisticated instruments of measurement. As such, when psychology burst on the scene in the late 1880s, its proponents were eager to prove to this new field as worthy as a science as any other science as any other discipline. As such, advancements in the field of psycho logy changed course from a philosophy-oriented discipline to a more scientific one. One of the pioneering scientists cum psychologist to address psychological questions using scientific means was Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920). Although he was not the first to adopt such an orientation, he was the first to establish a scientific laboratory devoted specifically to psychology. This was done in 1879 at the University of Leipzig. Although a number of scientists had made contributions concerning our understanding of sensation and perception prior to Wundt’s, none of them considered himself a psychologist per se. These included Ernst Weber, Herrmann Helmholtz, and Gustav Fechner. In deed, many have considered Wundt as the father of psychology. However, his orientation is perceived to be too scientific. His focus was on mapping the mechanics of sensation with mathematical precision. He identified the components of the brain and laid the basis for the principle of structuralism. For this reason, Wundt is considered the father of psychology. It should be noted that Wundt is not the founding father of psychology. This is because he did not discover the discipline, and can, therefore, not be termed as the founding father. Wundt established psychology as science discipline as it is known today, and that is why he is considered the father of the discipline. Needless to say, his ideas were based on earlier contributions by scientists; hence, he owes much of his title to other pioneering figures such as William James, and Sigmund Freud. Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt was born in Neckarau on August 16, 1832. He had Lutheran father who doubled up as his teacher and roommate. He went to a boarding school at the age of 13 before proceeding to University where he studied medicine. He became a lecturer taught courses on physiology in the University of Heidelberg. He set up a lab at Leipzig to investigate human senses. The laboratory grew to include many rooms. Wundt also began a journ al he called Philosophische Studien, as well as classes on physiological psychology. The journal, published in 1881, contained experimental results from his laboratory. The psychological laboratory founded by Wundt became an important center for psychological training. Wundt’s students later set up laboratories in the major universities of Germany and the U.S. All these advancements resulted to the establishment of philosophy as an independent science. Wundt Believed that the focus of psychology should be the study of the immediate, conscious experience, implying that people sense and perceive after a reflection in their inner minds. This view was strongly shared by one of Wundt’s students, Edward Titchener (1867-1927). Titchener proposed that immediate experience could be broken down into elements of sensations and feelings. Titchener held that it as the role of the psychologists to identify these elements and then discover how they combine to produce meaningful whole s. This approach was later named structuralism. Basically, psychologists should seek the structure of the mind by breaking it down into elementary parts, much as a chemist might try to understand a chemical compound. In conclusion, although Wundt is considered the father of psychology, his approach to psychology is not beyond reproof. Critics of structuralism argue that while it is possible to observe directly and measure a chemical compound, it’s not easy to observe the internal workings of the human mind. Mental events are subjective, personal, and difficult to record. However, structuralists realized this loophole with their approach and remedied using a technique known as systematic introspection. This method requires people tom provide rigorous self reports of their own internal experiences. References Cohen, L. J. (2011). The Handy Psychology answer book. London: Cengage Learning. Coon, D. (2005). Psychology: a modular approach to mind and behavior. London: Cengage Lear ning. Nairne, J. S. (2010). Psychology. New York: Cengage Learning. Nevid, J. S. (2011). Essential os psychology. New York: Cengage Learning. Plotnik, R. (2010). Introduction to psychology. New York: Cengage Learning. Sydney, E., Schultz, D. P. (2011). A history of modern psychology. London: Cengage Learning. Tracy, B. H., Thorne, B. M. (2001). Connections in the history and systems of psychology. Michigan: Houghton Mifflin Co. This essay on Father of psychology was written and submitted by user Vivienne Wall to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Describe A Life Changing Event †English Essay

Describe A Life Changing Event – English Essay Free Online Research Papers Describe A Life Changing Event English Essay Many people have significant events that occur in their lives that provide a definite distinction between before and after: before the event, and after the event (respectively, B.E. and A.E.). If it merely changed the way they did something, perceived something, or felt for something (or someone), or if it changed their entire lives, there’s always the notion of the before and after. For me, it was my writing†¦the before and after of my so-far career as a writer. The event I am thinking of wasn’t really one event; it was an experience, spanning the course of a school year, the end of my sophomore and beginning of my junior years in college. More defined than that, it was a class. Well, two classes, but with one professor, and the second was merely a continuation of the first from the prior semester. The class was Literature and Law, although it should have been called ‘Literature and Law and Tons of Writing’. It involved reading pieces of literature that in some way involved the legal/justice system. Three papers were due during the course of the semester, the topic for each being chosen by the student from a pool of options concerning several different pieces of work. Upon entering this class, I was fairly confident with my abilities as a writer. Comments from previous professors had encouraged this level of confidence, and my process leading up to and the eventual act of writing was relatively solidified to a particular pattern: construct an outline, plug in different ideas, write a hand-written rough draft and then finally sit down at the computer to begin typing. Yet it goes farther back than that†¦third grade graduation, awards given out to each student, some of them random and an obvious stretch to find some award for those students who really had nothing awardable. â€Å"And for Gerry, the awards for best recess etiquette†¦Ã¢â‚¬  my teacher proclaimed. And then my name was announced. â€Å"For Stephanie Thomas, the awards for best creative writer†, she said with unmistaken enthusiasm. Even at the tender age of nine, I felt like I deserved it, that I was being rewarded for a skill I truly felt as though I possessed. This routine seemed to work for me and my sometimes anal quirks about my schoolwork. I carried this routine with me for my first chunk of college, and it got me through with flying colors. It was a good routine. No one likes change, or so the saying goes. But change I would the day I first walked in to David Larry’s class. I would change not only how I wrote, but also how I viewed the practice of putting words down on a page, and the power they can unexpectedly carry. He was one of the best to learn this skill from†¦he wasn’t really considered a â€Å"writer†. In addition to teaching a few classes, he is also the Assistant Attorney for Appalachian. He has amazing stories to tell of his years as an attorney in D.C., and also the many adventures of being engrossed in the political and social mayhem of the sixties. He even once ran for sheriff out in Oregon. He didn’t win, but managed to organize one of the largest protest rallies in Oregonian history. All in all, he’s an interesting person who never let class or the subjects discussed to become dull, and never lost the captivation of his students. My first paper in his class was created using this comfortable and familiar process. Looking back, I can’t even remember what it was about, maybe ‘Puddin’head Wilson’ by Mark Twain. Handing it in I had a slightly smug feeling, assuming he would be surprisingly impressed by the natural writing abilities of an as-of-yet minimally trained and novice writer. The fact of the matter was, I had written a fine paper, but the importance of the knowledge taken from the experience wasn’t as cut-and-dry as being a good or bad writer. It was how to take a good piece and make it even better. How to trim out the excess, re-piece the loose ends, and create a beautiful little tight package of a paper: concise, to the point, yet an interesting read that conveyed the purpose and motivation of the writer. Sitting in class the day papers were returned, I was turned around in my seat chatting with one of my friends. â€Å"Ugh, my paper sucked. It was, like, two pages and that was stretching it† they admitted to me, with a tone that seemed to me as if â€Å"oh well†. This was a far cry from my attitude about writing, especially when it was for a grade. The distribution began, calling out each name, waiting for the hand to go up, and then delivering the paper to its owner. I received my own, and immediately flipped to the back page, the part with the summary evaluation of the entire paper. â€Å"A bit wordy; you can rewrite some parts to be clearer with fewer words used† was the gist of it. Through the paper, in the margins, was the abbreviation â€Å"awk†. Awkward, confusing, unclear. At the time, this flashed to me â€Å"Not good!†, or â€Å"I’ve seen much better†. This wasn’t an easy pill to swallow. It was a learning experience in how to take criticism, realize it is constructive, and go from there. This is an important lesson for any writer to learn, especially those who have been on somewhat of a high horse with regards to their writing abilities, much like I was. The lesson learned in this experience was one taken with me during the next few years, leading up to my internship. My internship involved a good deal of newspaper writing, where making your point and making it fast is the central idea. By now, I had improved my writing style enough that writing a sentence without fillers and fluff came as second nature. When a sentence did come out a bit too wordy, I immediately recognized it and pulled out my writing scissors.I will always appreciate the lesson taught to me by David Larry, even though it was one he probably didn’t realize he was teaching. Although the names of characters and their tangles with legal matters have long since faded from my memory, the gift of being a better writer will long remain. Research Papers on Describe A Life Changing Event - English EssayStandardized TestingMind TravelTrailblazing by Eric Anderson19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsCapital PunishmentHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever Product

Develop an evaluation form that includes 7 objective criteria to Essay

Develop an evaluation form that includes 7 objective criteria to evaluate the effectiveness of the developed plan (regarding nursing shortage) - Essay Example After communication, the evaluation form would be distributed to personnel who would be deemed most appropriate to respond. The distribution of evaluation forms would be done the day after the monthly meeting. Collection of the responses would be undertaken the day after these evaluations forms are distributed. The data would be interpreted through collation and tallying, according to nursing units. The findings would be communicated by the assigned nurse manager to the department heads. The department heads would assign one department manager to integrate the findings for subsequent report to the vice president of nursing. Any weaknesses in the evaluation form could be identified and corrections would be recommended. The final report would be submitted to the board of directors for their review. After the board has reviewed the findings from the evaluation form and report, the results, recommendations, and conclusion would be disseminated to the involved personnel in the next scheduled monthly meeting. Health practitioners and nurses could therefore communicate any methods of improvement in achieving the identified objectives; as well as in suggesting any improvements in the evaluation process, as deemed necessary. Education Career Articles. (2014). The Latest Statistics on Nursing Shortage. Retrieved from educationcareerarticles.com:

The Battles of Lexington and Concord Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Battles of Lexington and Concord - Essay Example oiling conflict between the British and the colonists which stemmed from the determination of George III and the British Parliament to make the colonies pay the tea tax and force them to abide by the coercive regulations that followed the Tea Party. General Gage, the military governor of Massachusetts, was ordered to enforce the tax laws. His first move was to send troops, led by Lieutenant Colonel Francis Smith and Major John Pitcairn, to Concord to seize stores of arms from which the rapidly forming companies of militia were being supplied. On the night April 18, the British started from Boston. Three colonists known as the riders became pivotal in the colonists answer to this move. Paul Revere and William Dawes, riding by different routes, warned Hancock and Adams of their arrest and aroused the whole countryside along the fifteen miles to Lexington. The third rider, Dr. Samuel Prescott, got the warning to Concord so that when the British arrived, the colonials were ready and expecting them. By April 19, the colonials were ready and they were led by Captain John Parker. The Triangular town common at Lexington was where the British encountered the colonials. Both of the military leaders have ordered their men not fire unless fired upon. Captain Pitcairn, who was leading the assault, declared: â€Å"Ye villains, ye rebels disperse! Lay down your arms!† (Uschan 2003, p. 28) The heavily outnumbered rebels started to leave when, suddenly, a shot was fired. No one know who fired first but after the shot hundreds the firefight began. There were eight dead rebels in the wake of the British army which started for Concorde. At Concord, the people of the town had been busy hiding the Patriots store of arms and ammunition when the British arrived. They set fire to some wooden houses believed to have housed cannons and firearms. By this time, the countryside was swarming with colonial militia and they were angry. (Cook, Perry and Ward, p. 217) From Concord to back to

Examination of Clinical Psychology Essay Example for Free

Examination of Clinical Psychology Essay Clinical psychology has a full history that dates back to the early days of Greek philosophy. The combination of philosophy, current psychology and science has created a specific discipline in clinical psychology. Research continues to improve and evolve this branch of psychology. There are certain distinctions that set clinical psychology apart from other areas of this discipline and this paper will explore not only those distinctions but also the history of clinical psychology. The History of Clinical Psychology The beginnings of psychology in general can be found in the era of Greek philosophy. Early philosophical thinkers saw the connection between the mind and body including the influence that relationship had concerning emotional sickness. Hippocrates, Plato, and Aristotle were a few of those that recognized the soul or spirit as being the primary force of the body. They also recognized that problems within the soul could manifest in physical illness (Plante, 2011, p. 34). In the middle ages, any kind of mental, emotional or physical sickness was thought to be characteristic of sin or evil and treatments of such issues were dealt with on a spiritual level. The following Renaissance era was all about scientific research and discovery taking the previous beliefs on spiritual origins and disproving them. Illness was established as something more explainable by scientific research rather than spiritual and metaphysical beliefs (Plante, 2011). As the nineteenth century rolled in, members of psychological study started to have a more accurate understanding of the connection between the body and mind. Sigmund Freud was one such forward thinker and he promoted theories that unconscious thoughts of the mind can hold a strong influence on one’s health drawing on the original beliefs of the Greeks (Parsons, 1958). The actual emergence of psychology began with the development of the first laboratory and book of psychology by Wilhelm Wundt. Development was quick after this first large step even though the new concepts and principles of psychology were being applied to peoples’ issues. Also the wars of our history provided a platform for the world of clinical psychology. Service members emerged in war required specialized treatments which led to the development of psychometric assessments. Later developments led to the creation of evolved models of guidelines and training for the education of clinical psychologists (Plante, 2011). Clinical Psychologys Evolving Nature Clinical psychology has a fundamental instrument that develops its evolving nature which is described by its relationship with modern medicine and used of scientific methods (Kazdin, 2008). Clinical psychology continues to develop applications as new scientific evidence mounts. Contemporary clinical psychology embodies the scientific advances of science mixing in a deep understanding of the mind. The relationship of practice and research continue to come together to facilitate continual improvements in treatments and this relationship is a necessary element to the evolving nature (Kazdin, 2008). The only possible challenge for clinical psychology and research is the challenge of trying to customize treatment to meet the patient’s individual needs when there really is no defined outline of every individualistic need for each individual patient (Kazdin, 2008 p. 17). The Role of Research and Statistics in Clinical Psychology Research is a vital aspect of any psychology and clinical psychology is no different. Research provides the empirical foundation to answer questions with validity. Statistics is a vital part of this research since this area of the research facilitates researchers being able to conclude if the information is substantial and relevant. Research is also vital because to clinical psychology because it boosts therapy methods which leads to the improvement of one’s life and it also helps discover effective methods to diagnose and treat human behavioral issues (Plante, 2011). The scientific method of empirical study also benefits the researchers themselves enabling them to gain critical thinking skills. Research is one of the most fundamental practices that allows for the betterment of clinical psychology (Plante, 2011). Clinical Psychology as it Differs from Other Disciplines The primary differences between other disciplines and clinical psychology involve the targeted training, area of focus and possibly even the educational requirements. Some psychologists participating in the area of clinical diagnosis, such as a school psychologist or social worker, generally must earn a masters degree but other specialized areas of clinical psychology might require a doctorate (Plante, 2011). School psychologists also specialize primarily in working with children and society’s youth whereas social workers can serve a more broad population and work in hospitals, schools or even county programs. Areas of counseling psychology are very similar to clinical psychology and there is the belief that the two separate groups do not even need to exist separately (Kazdin, 2008). There are also psychiatrists who have the added, extensive education and training in the medical arena and for all intended purposes they are physicians. They not only counsel as psychologists but are allowed to issue psychiatric medicine. Then there are other various mental health care professionals such as psychiatric nurses, specialized counselors, and industry and organization counselors who all provide clinical services. Even though clinical psychology differs in some aspects from other counseling professions, all of them have the purpose of using psychological principles to understand human behavior, helping individuals to live healthier and happier lives (Plante, 2011). Conclusion As this paper has laid out, there are many various contributions to the formation of clinical psychology becoming its own discipline. The evolution has traveled a long road but it has been steady and continuous with new information being discovered through scientific methods. Philosophy kicked off the curiosity that lead to future contributions by pioneers such as Freud and his psychoanalytic methods. Clinical psychology does hold its differences amongst other disciplines of psychology but the overall goal of all disciplines still remains to serve the general human population, attempting to give everyone a chance at a better quality of life. References Kazdin, A. E. (2008). Evidence based treatment and practice: new opportunities to bridge clinical research and practice. American Psychologist, 63(3), 146-159. Parsons, T. (1958). Social Structure and the Development of Personality: Freuds Contribution to the Integration of Psychology and Sociology. Psychiatry: Journal for the Study of Interpersonal Processes, 21(10), 321-340. Plante, T. (2011). Contemporary clinical psychology (3rd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley Sons.

Water in New Jersey Essay -- Environment Environmental Essays

Water in New Jersey Residential, commercial and industrial development is the largest contributors to landscape change in the state of New Jersey. When buildout occurs in one region, development pressure begins in another, virtually insuring the Megalopolis concept of one huge urban corridor stretching between Boston and Washington D.C. Year after year, farmland dwindles, roads become congested, and more residents are left to compete for diminishing natural resources. Desperate measures and newer technologies are incorporated to replace poor planning and lack of vision on behalf of decision-makers caught between competing interests. When the long term health and wellbeing of the established population and the short term gain of a limited number of people compete for vital natural resources there should be no question who's interests should prevail. Water resources tend to be taken for granted in New Jersey and why shouldn't they? Rainfall and runoff from snowfall are plentiful, averaging over forty inches per year. The state is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean on one side and the Delaware River on the other, with reservoirs containing billions of gallons of water, and large underground aquifers in between. It's hard to imagine a shortage of this abundant resource. Under normal conditions, this would be the case, but under drought conditions, as has been experienced throughout the winter of 2001 - 2002, the residents of New Jersey are forced to confront the stark reality of the situation that we may be entering into a severe water supply crisis. Mandatory water conservation and stiff penalties for noncompliance may do what preservation and antidevelopment advocates have been trying to do for decades in the state of Ne... ...ment to New Jersey using water resource concerns as a tool to limit large-scale suburban development. These southern agricultural counties are a unique region where large numbers of people are dependent on valuable groundwater resources to continue living in a healthy environment. References New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, 1993, New Jersey 1992 State water quality inventory report, chapter IV, 44p. Blair, Russell, 2002, Telephone interview with Cape May County Agricultural Agent, March 5, 2002 New Jersey Farm Bureau, 2002, Statistics obtained at website as of March 5,2002, www.njfb.org New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, 2002, Statistics obtained at website as of March 5, 2002, www.state.nj.us/dep/watersupply/ United States Geological Survey, 2002, Statistics obtained at website as of March 3, 2002, www.usgs.gov

A Long Way Gone Research Paper Essay

When people imagine soldiers they think of strong men. However, some soldiers today are child soldiers. At a young age child soldiers witnessing and committing horrible acts of violence, which makes them at a higher risk for mental health issues like Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Most child soldiers are between the ages of 15 and 18 years, but some are as young as 7 years old. At that young age children should not witness murder, rape, or even be able to be allowed to kill. According to Klasen, Oettingen, Daniels, and Adam,â€Å"Child soldiers refer to any person who is below the age of 18† (574). At that age it is a high risk that, that kid could be traumatized. Child soldiers are some of the most troubled populations of children and adolescents. According to Klasen, Oettingen, Daniel, and Adam,â€Å"The experiences the children the children are inflicted on are beatings, torture, witness of killing, and sexual abuse† (573). Also, according to Klasen, Oettingen, Daniels, and Adam, children who have traumatic experiences are more likely to have mental health issues (574). One of these problems is Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). According to Bayer et. Al and Vinck et, al, â€Å"child soldiers with more posttraumatic symptoms are less open to reconciliation, have higher feelings of revenge, and favor violent forms of behavior to resolve conflicts (Klasen, Oettingen, Daniels, and Adam 580). Therefore, because of the violence the children are witnessing, they are developing mental health issues. These mental issues are affecting these innocent kids at very young ages. The reason why is because child soldiers are witnessing murder, r ape, and committing murder. There should be an urgent stop to this so call Child Soldiers.

Exploring How the British Could Have Achieved Victory in...

An Investigation into How the British could have achieved victory in the American War of Independence The American War of Independence was perhaps the first colonial war of independence during the period of European dominance across the globe. Great Britain, a relatively new country with a stable, democratic government, established an enormous trading empire which stretched from North America to East India and was the greatest superpower on Earth. It came to be so, firstly by its highly effective navy which allowed it to transport goods and defeat other rival fleets. Its government of elected officials allowed it to function more effectively compared to an Absolute Monarchy in terms of generating revenue from its colonies, and finally,†¦show more content†¦It is believed she gave word to Paul Revere that the British were planning on destroying the armouries at Lexington and Concord and thus he spread the famous line of ‘The British are coming!’ Many British Generals serving throughout the French-Indian War began to sympathize with the colonists who fought alongs ide the British. This meant that many of the experienced and greatest of British Generals, including Gage himself, did not believe that war was the right option and did not believe in the British cause. So to prevent the catastrophes that Gage caused during the first months of the War, the British should have given the position to a General who was both capable but also sensible. Historians believe that if General Charles Cornwallis had of served in his stead then the early British disasters could have been avoided and the colonists would have been crushed in the first few months. Cornwallis was a competent commander, but when he inherited his Lordship, he often voted against heavy taxation of the colonies. Many blame him for the British defeat of the War because of his surrender at Yorktown but with his intervention at an earlier date, such a competent commander could have increased the odds of the British winning the war. The British Army was a well trained but in no way was it ‘battle-hardened’. Being an island nation, Britain predominantly used its navy as its main weapon and the regular army for sea-to-land assaults e.g. assault onShow MoreRelatedThe West African Nation of Ghana2488 Words   |  10 Pagesâ€Å"This mid-twentieth century is Africa’s. This decade is the decade of African independence. Forward then, to independence. To independence now. Tomorrow, the united states of Africa.† It was with these words that Kwame Nkrumah concluded his speech at the opening ceremony of the All-African People’s conference in 1958. It was one of the first Pan-African congresses to be held in the continent, in an independent African nation and with a number of African freedom fighters-an achievement that NkrumahRead MoreMoving West And Beyond : How The Corps Of Discovery Shaped Manifest Destiny3198 Words   |  13 PagesMarch 2015 Moving West and Beyond: How the Corps of Discovery Shaped Manifest Destiny Beginning in the early 1800s manifest destiny had no single root or cause, but became over time, a mindset which propelled the westward expansion of America. Manifest Destiny was the belief that the expansion of the United States throughout the continent of North America was both justified and inevitable. The actual term â€Å"Manifest destiny† was not coined until 1845 when an American columnist and editor, John O SullivanRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesand Paul Buhle, eds., The New Left Revisited David M. Scobey, Empire City: The Making and Meaning of the New York City Landscape Gerda Lerner, Fireweed: A Political Autobiography Allida M. Black, ed., Modern American Queer History Eric Sandweiss, St. Louis: The Evolution of an American Urban Landscape Sam Wineburg, Historical Thinking and Other Unnatural Acts: Charting the Future of Teaching the Past Sharon Hartman Strom, Political Woman: Florence Luscomb and the Legacy of Radical Reform Read MoreAmerican Popular Culture and Its Impact in a Globalized World8501 Words   |  35 PagesAmericans, after all, did not invent fast food, amusement parks, or the movies. Before the Big Mac, there were British fish and chips. Before Disneyland, there was Copenhagens Tivoli Gardens (which Walt Disney used as a prototype for his first theme park, in Anaheim, a model later re-exported to Tokyo and Paris). Ââ€" Richard Pells 1. Introduction No matter what corner of the world, it is more than unlikely to walk up to an adoles-cent, mention the names Jennifer Lopez, MadonnaRead MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 PagesUkraine Vietnam Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York ß Oxford University Press 2006 The moral rights of the author have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) First published 2006 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permissionRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagescomprehensive and reliable guide to organisational theory currently available. What is needed is a text that will give a good idea of the breadth and complexity of this important subject, and this is precise ly what McAuley, Duberley and Johnson have provided. They have done some sterling service in bringing together the very diverse strands of work that today qualify as constituting the subject of organisational theory. Whilst their writing is accessible and engaging, their approach is scholarly and seriousRead MoreInternational Management67196 Words   |  269 PagesInternational Management Education iii This page intentionally left blank Preface C hanges in the global business environment continue unabated. The global financial crisis and economic recession have challenged some assumptions about globalization and economic integration, but they have also underscored the interconnected nature of global economies. Most countries and regions around the world are inextricably linked, yet profound differences in institutional and cultural environments persistRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 Pages853333, e-mail: permissions@elsevier.co.uk. You may also complete your request on-line via the Elsevier homepage (www.elsevier.com), by selecting ‘Customer Support’ and then ‘Obtaining Permissions’ British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress ISBN 0 7506 5938 6 For information on all Elsevier Butterworth-HeinemannRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pages22/10/2007 11:54 Page 598 ECS8C_C01.qxd 22/10/2007 11:54 Page 599 Guide to using the case studies The main text of this book includes 87 short illustrations and 15 case examples which have been chosen to enlarge speciï ¬ c issues in the text and/or provide practical examples of how business and public sector organisations are managing strategic issues. The case studies which follow allow the reader to extend this linking of theory and practice further by analysing the strategic issuesRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 PagesMexico City Mumbai Nairobi Sà £o Paulo Shanghai Taipei Tokyo Toronto Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Copyright  © 2003 by Ennis Barrington Edmonds The moral rights of the authors have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing